Resource and capability analysis is achieved by probing the caliber of which of the following?

Resource and capability analysis focuses on assessing a firm's competitive assets, which include its resources, capabilities, and other strategic advantages relative to rival firms. This analysis is crucial for understanding how effectively a firm can compete in its industry and what unique strengths it can leverage to outperform its competitors. By evaluating the caliber of these competitive assets, a firm can identify areas where it excels, allowing it to capitalize on market opportunities and mitigate threats.

In contrast, other options do not directly pertain to the specific evaluation of resources and capabilities in the context of competition. For instance, examining the price stability of the market pertains more to market conditions rather than a firm’s internal competencies. Similarly, while assessing internal strengths and weaknesses (another option) is important for strategic planning, it is a broader assessment not limited solely to comparative analysis against rivals. Finally, conducting a cost-benefit analysis of product sales is a financial evaluation that does not delve into the overall capabilities and resources a firm possesses compared to its competition. This focus on competitive assets relative to rivals is what makes the correct answer particularly relevant in a resource and capability analysis context.